Fipronil has a unique effect : it penetrates the ectoskelet of the parasite and blocks the passage of chloride ions in the GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid , Gamma Amino Butyric Acid ) controlled chlorine channel of insects and arachnids GABA is the most important neuro invertebrates regulator in the central nervous system. The binding of GABA to its receptor on the nerve cell membrane open a channel through which the chlorine influx of chloride ions into the cell becomes possible. By this inflow of the hyperpolarized cell , which decreases its electrical activity. Is the influx of chloride ions by binding of fipronil to its receptor in the chlorine channel are blocked. This leads to an uncontrolled electrical activity of the nerve cells. The result is a hyperexitatie and the death of the parasite . In vertebrates, this process does not occur. Treatment with Frontline is also safe for dogs. The absorption of fipronil by the skin is small. Fipronil is mainly present in the epidermis, the hair follicle and the sebaceous glands. The fabric need not be absorbed into the circulation in order to work and thus is not harmful to the animal. Fipronil does not dissolve easily in water , but is soluble in fat . This is concentrated in the high-fat fipronil structures of the skin , in particular the sebaceous glands. The sebaceous gland is in this way a reservoir for fipronil. The amount of fipronil From this gland constantly updated , making operation time is significantly extended. The activity against fleas can be up to 3 months after administration . By character is working the product up to 4 weeks after treatment. After dermal application of Frontline Spot-on Fipronil spreads rapidly in oily film on the skin. This grease film , is being used by a process of translocation, as a delivery vehicle for Fipronil in order to completely cover the skin surface . In less than 24 hours after the application of the Frontline Spot-on effective concentrations of fipronil are at sites remote from the site of application encountered.
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